Author(s): Nikita L Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh

Email(s): np4881603@gmail.com

DOI: Not Available

Address: Nikita L Patil*, Junaid S. Shaikh
Shree Sureshdada Jain Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamner, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India.
*Corresponding Author

Published In:   Volume - 18,      Issue - 2,     Year - 2026


ABSTRACT:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged as one of the most devastating global public health crises of the modern era. Since its initial detection in late 2019, COVID-19 has resulted in unprecedented morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic disruption worldwide. The rapid transmission, continuous viral evolution, and wide spectrum of clinical manifestations have posed significant challenges to healthcare systems and policymakers. This comprehensive review aims to synthesize current knowledge on COVID-19, focusing on its origin, viral variants, transmission mechanisms, epidemiology, environmental and biological determinants, clinical features, pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Special emphasis is placed on the interaction between environmental factors, host susceptibility, and immune responses that influence disease severity and outcomes. The review also discusses major challenges, complications, preventive measures, patient education, and emerging therapeutic approaches, including antiviral agents, immunomodulators, and vaccination strategies. By integrating evidence from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, this article provides an updated and holistic overview of COVID-19. Understanding these multidimensional aspects is essential for improving disease control strategies, optimizing patient management, and preparing for future pandemics.


Cite this article:
Nikita L Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh. A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19: From Emergence to Management. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 2026; 18(2):213-2.

Cite(Electronic):
Nikita L Patil, Junaid S. Shaikh. A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19: From Emergence to Management. Research Journal of Science and Technology. 2026; 18(2):213-2.   Available on: https://rjstonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-18-2-13


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3.    World Health Organization. (2021). Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants. World Health Organization.
4.    World Health Organization Scientific Advisory Group for the Origins of Novel Pathogens. (2025). Report on the origins of SARS-CoV-2. World Health Organization.
5.    Zsichla, L., & Müller, V. (2023). Risk factors of severe COVID-19: A review of host, viral, and environmental factors. Viruses, 15(1), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15010175
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10.    Guan, W. J., Ni, Z. Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W. H., Ou, C. Q., He, J. X., … Zhong, N. S. (2020). Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382(18), 1708–1720. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
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