ABSTRACT:
Stem cell-based treatments stand for a revolutionary planning in medicine, leveraging the inherent regenerative capabilities inside stem cells to heal damaged tissues and organs. Recent advancements in this area have significantly progressed, particularly with the introduction of induced Cellular stem cells (MSCs) and stem cells that are pluripotent (iPSCs). iPSCs, which are generated from adult somatic cells, provide opportunities for personalized therapies, while MSCs have demonstrated effectiveness in treating a variety of conditions, such as illness caused by graft-versus-host and osteoarthritis. Clinical applications have seen impressive results, notably in regenerative medicine, where stem cells have been utilized to repair heart tissue following myocardial infarctions and to foster neuroregeneration in spinal cord injuries. Despite these successes, challenges persist, such as concerns regarding tumor formation, ethical dilemmas, and the intricate nature of stem cell behavior within the body. Looking to the future, innovative technologies like gene editing, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, show promise for rectifying genetic defects in stem cells, which could lead to potential cures for genetic disorders. Moreover, advancements in 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering are working toward the development of functional organoids for transplantation, helping to alleviate the severe lack of available donor organs. In summary, stem cell-based therapies have the potential to transform medical treatment. To completely realize the amazing potential of stem cells in modern medicine and overcome current obstacles, researchers, physicians, and regulatory agencies must work together and conduct ongoing studies.